AI in United States

Regulatory landscape

1. The Stargate Project

   In committee

   Date TBD · strategy

   US-based AI infrastructure initiative with $500 billion investment commitment by OpenAI, SoftBank, and Oracle.

   Source

2. Executive Order on Maintaining American Leadership in AI

   Enacted

   Date TBD · executive order

   U.S. government policy to maintain and enhance American scientific, technological, and economic leadership in artificial intelligence.

   Source

3. AI Clause in Executive Order on Advancing Racial Equity and Support for Underserved Communities Through the Federal Government

   Enacted

   Date TBD · executive order

   Establishes equity obligations for federal agencies deploying AI systems to prevent and remedy discriminatory outcomes in underserved communities.

   Source

4. R&D Workforce Training

   Enacted

   Date TBD · strategy

   Federal agencies prioritize AI R&D in fellowship, training, and service programs.

   Source

5. National AI Research Institutes

   Enacted

   Date TBD · strategy

   NSF-led multi-agency initiative to establish national AI research institutes in partnership with USDA, DHS, and other federal departments.

   Source

6. Centers of Excellence in Regulatory Science and Innovation

   Enacted

   Date TBD · sector specific

   FDA collaborations with academic institutions to advance regulatory science and innovation in drug development and approval processes.

   Source

7. Department of Energy AI and Technology Office

   Proposed

   Date TBD · strategy

   Initiative to transform the U.S. Department of Energy into a world-leading AI enterprise through accelerated research and development.

   Source

8. American Workforce Policy Advisory Board

   Proposed

   Date TBD · strategy

   Government initiative to address skills gap and workforce challenges arising from automation and economic changes.

   Source

9. Protecting the U.S. Advantage in AI and Related Critical Technologies

   Enacted

   Date TBD · strategy

   National security strategy addressing U.S. competitive advantage in AI and critical technologies.

   Source

10. National Strategy for Critical and Emerging Technologies

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    U.S. government framework for coordinating efforts on critical and emerging technologies across federal agencies.

    Source

11. Federal Data Strategy

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    A 10-year federal government initiative to accelerate data use across agencies to improve mission delivery and public service.

    Source

12. U.S. - India Artificial Intelligence Initiative

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    U.S.-India bilateral framework to strengthen strategic partnership through artificial intelligence cooperation and coordination.

    Source

13. Canada-U.S. Innovation Partnership

    Proposed

    Date TBD · strategy

    U.S.-Canada cross-border innovation partnership focused on workforce development and collaborative research initiatives.

    Source

14. Teton.ai

    Proposed

    Date TBD

    Teton.ai is an AI-powered nurse companion system using sensors to monitor patients and improve nursing staff efficiency in healthcare settings.

    Source

15. NIST AI Risk Management Framework

    Enacted

    Date TBD · voluntary

    Voluntary framework for managing risks associated with artificial intelligence systems and their deployment.

    Source

16. National Artificial Intelligence Research Resource (NAIRR)

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    NSF-led national infrastructure initiative providing AI research resources and access to computing, data, and software for the research community.

    Source

17. Voluntary Commitments

    Enacted

    Date TBD · voluntary

    U.S. encourages AI companies to voluntarily commit to high standards for safety, security, and transparency.

    Source

18. NIST AI Public Working Groups

    In committee

    Date TBD · voluntary

    Public working group addressing AI risk management and governance for rapidly advancing AI technologies.

    Source

19. America's AI Action Plan

    Proposed

    Date TBD · strategy

    Federal government policy goals and recommendations for near-term AI governance aligned with Presidential vision.

    Source

20. National AI R&D Strategic Plan

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    Federal R&D priorities and strategic investment goals for artificial intelligence research and development.

    Source

21. Proposed Regulatory Framework for Modifications to AI/ML-Based Software as a Medical Device

    Proposed

    Date TBD · sector specific

    FDA regulatory framework for AI/ML-based medical device modifications using total product lifecycle approach.

    Source

22. AI Researchers Portal

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    Portal connecting AI researchers to federal resources including grants, datasets, computing infrastructure, and testbeds.

    Source

23. White House Summit on AI for American Industry

    Proposed

    Date TBD · strategy

    White House convening of government, academic, and industry leaders to discuss AI policy and governance for American industrial competitiveness.

    Source

24. U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Report on Public Views on AI and Intellectual Property Policy

    Proposed

    Date TBD · strategy

    Comprehensive report examining stakeholder perspectives on artificial intelligence's impact across intellectual property policy and patent landscape.

    Source

25. Plan for Federal Engagement in Developing Technical Standards and Related Tools

    Proposed

    Date TBD · strategy

    Federal government plan to increase engagement in developing technical standards and tools for reliable AI development in the United States.

    Source

26. NIST Principles for Explainable AI

    Proposed

    Date TBD · strategy

    NIST draft report establishing principles for explainable AI in decision-making systems.

    Source

27. National Security Commission on AI

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    Independent commission to advance development of AI, ML, and associated technologies for national security purposes.

    Source

28. Government by Algorithm: AI in Federal Administrative Agencies

    Proposed

    Date TBD · strategy

    Survey of AI use across 142 major federal agencies to inform administrative policy development.

    Source

29. Defense Innovation Board AI Principles

    Proposed

    Date TBD · strategy

    DoD establishes AI ethics principles through the Defense Innovation Board for departmental AI design and implementation.

    Source

30. Request for Information for Identifying Priority Access or Quality Improvements for Federal Data and Models for AI R&D and Testing

    Proposed

    Date TBD · executive order

    OMB invites public input on federal data and AI model access needs for research, development, and testing activities.

    Source

31. U.S. AI COVID-19 Response

    Enacted

    Date TBD · executive order

    U.S. initiative mobilizing AI technologies, data access, and computing resources to address COVID-19 pandemic response.

    Source

32. Joint AI Center

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    DoD initiative to advance AI technology development and deployment for U.S. national security purposes.

    Source

33. Department of Defense AI Strategy

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    DoD strategy to accelerate AI adoption and modernize military capabilities for contemporary operations.

    Source

34. Next-Generation Non-Surgical Neurotechnology Programme

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    DARPA-funded development of non-invasive brain-to-machine interface technology via headset for neurotechnology applications.

    Source

35. Explainable AI Program

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    DARPA initiative to advance explainable AI systems that can clarify their decision-making processes to users.

    Source

36. Federal 5-Year STEM Education Strategic Plan

    Enacted

    Date TBD · strategy

    Federal five-year strategic plan to ensure all Americans have lifelong access to quality STEM education.

    Source

37. Local, State, and Federal Regulations on Facial Recognition Technologies

    Proposed

    Date TBD · comprehensive

    Multi-level U.S. regulation of facial recognition technology across local, state, and federal jurisdictions.

    Source

38. Accelerating Medicines Partnership

    Enacted

    Date TBD · sector specific

    Public-private partnership between NIH and FDA to accelerate development and approval of medicines through collaborative research.

    Source

39. Artificial Intelligence and Algorithmic Fairness Initiative

    Enforcing

    Date TBD · strategy

    EEOC initiative ensuring AI systems comply with U.S. anti-discrimination employment laws.

    Source

40. New York, Electronic Monitoring Bill

    Passed

    Date TBD · sector specific

    New York requires private-sector employers to disclose their electronic monitoring practices to employees.

    Source

41. Automated Employment Decision Tool Law

    Enacted

    Date TBD · sector specific

    New York City employers using AI tools in employment decisions must comply with specified legal obligations.

    Source

42. State Department Guidance on Products or Services With Surveillance Capabilities

    Enacted

    Date TBD · voluntary

    Guidance for U.S. businesses on preventing surveillance capabilities in their products or services to uphold human rights.

    Source

43. Policies That Regulate FinTech Innovation

    Proposed

    Date TBD · sector specific

    Regulatory framework governing the use of data and machine learning algorithms in financial technology products and services.

    Source

44. Federal Automated Vehicles Policy

    Enacted

    Date TBD · executive order

    Federal guidance establishing regulatory framework and best practices for automated vehicles deployment.

    Source

45. Executive Order on the Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy Development and Use of Artificial Intelligence

    Enacted

    Date TBD · executive order

    Executive order establishing guidelines for safe, secure, and trustworthy development and use of artificial intelligence in the United States.

    Source

46. Colorado AI Act (SB 24-205)

    Enacted

    Feb 1, 2026 · sector specific

    First US state-level comprehensive AI law. Targets algorithmic discrimination in high-risk decisions.

    Penalties: AG enforcement; civil penalties up to $20,000 per violation.

    Source

47. Executive Order 14179 (Removing Barriers to American Leadership in AI)

    Enforcing

    Jan 23, 2025 · executive order

    Replaces EO 14110. Directs federal agencies to remove regulatory barriers to AI innovation.

    Penalties: No civil penalties; sets federal AI policy direction.

    Source

48. Driving Efficient Acquisition of Artificial Intelligence in Government (OMB Memorandum M-25-22)

    Enacted

    Jan 1, 2025 · executive order

    OMB directive to streamline and improve the acquisition processes for artificial intelligence systems across federal government agencies.

    Source

49. Developing Strategies to Increase Capacity in AI Education

    Proposed

    Jan 1, 2025 · strategy

    NSF initiative presenting strategies to expand AI education capacity through findings from 32 virtual roundtables.

    Source

50. Executive Order 14110 (Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy AI)

    Repealed

    Oct 30, 2023 · executive order

    Required NIST AI Risk Management Framework adoption; mandatory red-teaming for frontier models.

    Penalties: Repealed January 2025 by Executive Order 14179.

    Source

51. CHIPS for America Act

    Enacted

    Jan 1, 2022 · sector specific

    Establishes federal investments and incentives for U.S. semiconductor manufacturing, research, and supply chain resilience.

    Source

52. National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022

    Enacted

    Jan 1, 2022 · comprehensive

    Annual U.S. defense authorization bill specifying Department of Defense budget, expenditures, and policies.

    Source

53. National AI Initiative Act of 2020

    Enacted

    Jan 1, 2021 · strategy

    Federal coordinated program for artificial intelligence research, development, and workforce training across government agencies.

    Source

54. National AI Initiative Office

    Enacted

    Jan 1, 2021 · strategy

    White House office coordinating national AI research and policymaking strategy across federal agencies and initiatives.

    Source

55. Federal Trade Commission Consumer Protection and Competition Investigations (Bias in Algorithms and Biometrics)

    Enforcing

    Jan 1, 2021 · strategy

    FTC enforcement focus on algorithmic bias and biometric discrimination in consumer protection and competition investigations.

    Source

56. Executive Order on Promoting the Use of Trustworthy AI in Federal Government

    Enacted

    Jan 1, 2020 · executive order

    Directs federal government agencies to promote and implement trustworthy artificial intelligence systems in their operations.

    Source

57. NITRD Supplement to the President's FY2020 Budget

    Proposed

    Jan 1, 2020 · strategy

    Federal research priorities for networking, information technology, and AI outlined in the FY2020 budget supplement.

    Source

58. White House Summit on AI in Government

    Enacted

    Jan 1, 2019 · strategy

    White House summit convening government stakeholders to discuss AI adoption and implementation across federal agencies.

    Source

59. AI R&D Interagency Working Group

    Enacted

    Jan 1, 2018 · strategy

    Federal interagency coordination mechanism for AI R&D across 32 agencies supporting Select Committee on AI initiatives.

    Source

60. Select Committee on AI

    Enacted

    Jan 1, 2018 · executive order

    White House committee coordinating federal AI R&D priorities and interagency AI efforts.

    Source

AI investment trend